H.R.4090 — Critical Mineral Dominance Act
House Roll Call
H.R.4090
| Bill | H.R.4090 — Critical Mineral Dominance Act |
|---|---|
| Vote question | On Passage |
| Vote type | Yea-and-Nay |
| Result | Passed |
| Totals | Yea 224 / Nay 195 / Present 0 / Not Voting 13 |
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R | 214 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| D | 10 | 194 | 0 | 10 |
| I | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Research Brief
On Passage
Bill Analysis
HR 4090 – Critical Mineral Dominance Act (119th Congress)
HR 4090 seeks to accelerate domestic production, processing, and deployment of critical minerals—especially for defense, energy, and advanced manufacturing—by expanding federal authorities, easing certain regulatory barriers, and directing new planning and reporting requirements.
Substantive provisions focus on:
• Defense Production Act (DPA) authorities: The bill directs the President, through the Department of Defense, to prioritize and expand use of DPA Title III for critical mineral extraction, processing, refining, and recycling. It encourages long‑term offtake contracts and loan/loan-guarantee support for U.S. projects that reduce reliance on foreign (particularly adversarial) supply chains.
• Permitting and environmental review: HR 4090 requires federal land and resource agencies (e.g., Interior, Forest Service, possibly EPA for certain approvals) to streamline and time‑limit permitting for critical mineral projects. It likely imposes deadlines for National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) reviews, promotes coordinated “one‑stop” federal permitting, and may allow categorical exclusions or expedited reviews for specified project types.
• Critical minerals designation and strategy: The bill updates or codifies the federal list of “critical minerals” and directs the Department of Energy, Department of the Interior, and Department of Commerce to regularly assess supply risks, foreign dependence, and domestic capacity. It mandates a national strategy to achieve secure, diversified, and, where feasible, dominant U.S. positions in mining, processing, and component manufacturing.
• Trade and foreign dependence: The measure likely restricts or scrutinizes procurement of critical minerals and related components from “foreign entities of concern” (e.g., China, Russia, Iran), and may direct Commerce and USTR to pursue trade remedies, export controls, or supply‑chain alliances with trusted partners.
Beneficiaries include U.S. mining, processing, and recycling firms; defense and clean‑energy manufacturers; and communities hosting new projects (subject to environmental and land‑use constraints). Regulated or affected parties include federal land managers, environmental regulators, importers, and firms sourcing from adversarial countries.
Key timelines typically include: near‑term deadlines (6–18 months) for updated critical mineral lists and strategies; 1–2 years for implementing streamlined permitting procedures; and ongoing DPA and reporting authorities. The bill does not itself appropriate large new funding but expands and directs use of existing DPA and agency authorities, subject to future appropriations.
Yea (224)
K
Ken Calvert
S
Scott Franklin
L
Lisa McClain
J
John Rutherford
D
David Schweikert
P
Pete Sessions
Nay (195)
J
Jason Crow
J
John Garamendi
J
John Mannion
L
Lucy McBath
R
Rashida Tlaib
N
Nydia Velázquez
D
Debbie Wasserman Schultz
Not Voting (13)
L
Lloyd Doggett
C
Christian Menefee
E
Eric Swalwell
